Plant Name Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Common name:
Marathi: Ambaadi
Hindi: Patsun
English: Roselle
Jawhar: Ambadi
Identification guide
General
It can grow up to 2–2.5 m (7–8 ft) tall.
Stems
The stems, branches, leaf veins, and leaf stalks are reddish purple.
Leaves
The leaves are deeply three- to five-lobed, 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, arranged alternately on the stems.
Flowers
The flowers are 8–10 cm (3–4 in) in diameter, white to pale yellow with a dark red spot at the base of each petal, and have a stout fleshy calyx at the base, 1–2 cm (0.39–0.79 in) wide, enlarging to 3–3.5 cm (1.2–1.4 in), fleshy and bright red as the fruit matures. They take about six months to mature.
Habit / Habitat
It is an annual or perennial herb or woody-based subshrub
Tropical and sub-tropical regions
Occurrence
- Availability of the plant species in India: Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
- Global distribution: Native of India to Malaysia and also found in Africa, West Indies and Central America
Edible parts
World wide use: Leaves
Used by tribal community in Jawhar: Leaves and Fruits.
Method of consumption
Jawhar tribal
Dried form of leaves and fruit are used. As it is sour to taste only small portion is added while cooking vegetables or curry or fish.
Other Recipe
In Andhra, the leaves are steamed with lentils and cooked with dal.
In Burmese cuisine, the leaves are fried with garlic, dried or fresh prawns and green chili or cooked with fish.
Medicinal use
Jawhar tribe: A small portion of the dried fruit is boiled and the water is consumed to cure cough or stomach infection.
Other:
- Infusions of the leaves or calyces are regarded as diuretic.
- In East Africa, the calyx infusion, called ""Sudan tea"", is taken to relieve coughs.
Nutritional and medicinal information
Nutritional:
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy =205 kJ (49 kcal)
Carbohydrates =11.31 g
Fat= 0.64 g
Protein= 0.96 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A equiv.= 14 μg
Thiamine (B1) = 0.011 mg
Riboflavin (B2) =0.028 mg
Niacin (B3) = 0.31 mg
Vitamin C = 12 mg
Minerals
Calcium = 215 mg
Iron = 1.48 mg
Magnesium = 51 mg
Phosphorus = 37 mg
Potassium = 208 mg
Sodium = 6 mg
Medicinal:
1.Extracts showed antibacterial, anti-oxidant, nephro- and hepato-protective, renal/diuretic effect, effects on lipid metabolism (anti-cholesterol), anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive effects among others.
- Extracts of HS are effective as a treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Harvesting and preserving
For herbage purposes, the plants may be cut off 6 weeks after transplanting, leaving only 3 to 4 in (7.5-10 cm) of stem in the field. A second cutting is made 4 weeks later and a third after another 4 weeks.
The fruits are harvested when full-grown but still tender.
Jams, sauses and juices are being prepared and preserved.
Propagation and Storage
Season of collection
Flowering October-November
How to grow it?
Seeds and cuttings
Other uses
- The plant is used for the production of bast fibre from the stem which may be used as a substitute for jute in making burlap.
- The seeds are considered excellent feed for chickens. The residue after oil extraction is valued as cattle feed when available in quantity.
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Spermatophyta
Sub-division: Angiospermae
Class: Diocotyledonae
Sub-Class: Polypetalae
Series: Thalamiflorae
Order : Malvales
Family : Malvaceae
Genus : Hibiscus
Species : sabdariffa
References.
1 http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31495
2 http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Kenaf.html
3 https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/kenaf.html
4 https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/kenaf.html
5 http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Hibiscus+cannabinus
6 file:///C:/Users/Swati.tomar/Downloads/5824_Nutritional%20evaluation%20of%20whole%20kenaf%20(hibiscus%20Cannabinus%20l.)%20Seed%20meal%20In%20rats.pdf%20(1).pdf
7 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/issues/biy-07-31-4/biy-31-4-5-0708-1.pdf
8https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3593772/
9http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030881461400692X