Plant Name Tectona grandis
Common name: Teak
Marathi: Saag
Hindi: Saigun, Sagwan
English: Teak wood, Indian oak, teak tree
Jawhar: Sag
Identification guide
General
Teak is a large, mainly deciduous tree reaching over 30 metres in height in favourable conditions with an open crown that has many small branches
bark
scaly, dark gold which turns deep brown when exposed to sunlinght and air.
Leaves
opposite, large and shiny on the above surface, hairy below, clear viens
Flowers
small, mauve to white in colour
Fruits
drupe with 4 chambers, hard and woody, pale green when young, brown at maturity, each contains 4 seeds
Habit / Habitat
Habit:
Deciduous tree
Habitat:
- grandis survives best in warm, moist, tropical climate. It grows under wide range of climatic and edaphic conditions. The most suitable soil is fertile alluvial- colluvial soil, well drained and intolerable to waterlogging. It has the ability to persist, dominate and naturally regenerate. It also grows in non-seasonal climate as semi-deciduous.
Occurrence
It is native to India, Indonesia, Laos, Mynamar and Thailand.
Edible parts
Used by tribal community in Jawhar: Seeds
Method of consumption
Medicinal use: Powder of seeds is mixed with water and consumed for kidney stone & Renal problems.
Nutritional and medicinal information
Pharmaceutical significance:
Literature review:
1) The hydro- alcoholic extract of leaves of T.grandis showed wound healing activity due to its anti-oxidant property.
2) Methanol extract of the flowers of T.grandis were induced in diabetic rats to estimate the blood glucose level. It was estimated that the extect possesses antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity.
3) The ethanolic extract and compounds from fruits of T.grandis showed moderate activity against the bacteria stain during an experiment conducted to support African folk medicine used in the treatment of skin diseases and diarrhoea.
4) A study carried out to evaluated the effect of stem extract of T.grandis on mice concluded that the plant possess the significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.
Propagation and Storage
Season of collection
Seeds: November - January
How to grow it?
Stumps or seeds are used as a means of propagation. Vegetative propagation can be achieved by grafting and budding.
Method of storage
Propagules and Edibles: Seeds are dried and stored
Other uses
The teak wood is used as a fuel as well as used as a timber due to its superior physical and mechanical properties1.
It is traditionally used as a medicine for its astringent and diuretic properties and against swelling in Southeast Asia.
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Spermatophyta
Sub-division: Angiospermae
Class: Dicotyledonae
Sub-class: Gamopetalae
Series: Bicarpellatae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Verbenaceae
Genus: Tectona
Species: grandis
References
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Tectona_grandis.PDF
- http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/tectona-grandis-teak
- https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naira_Akmal/publication/6405124_Evaluation_of_Tectona_Grandis_leaves_for_wound_healing_activity/links/5451f5d90cf85a067c6aad3.pdf
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1995764511601600
- http://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-015-0790-5
- http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jbcpp.2015.26.issue-5/jbcpp-2014-0043/jbcpp-2014-0043.xml
- http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Tectona+grandis